If you’re experiencing joint pain, stiffness, or swelling, you might wonder whether it’s bursitis or tendonitis — two common conditions that affect the soft tissues around your joints. Although these conditions share some symptoms, they have different causes and require distinct treatment approaches.

Understanding the difference between bursitis and tendonitis is essential for effective management and recovery. In this article, we’ll explain what bursitis and tendonitis are, how to recognize their symptoms, and the best treatment strategies to get you back to pain-free movement.

What Is Bursitis?

Bursitis is inflammation of the bursa, which are small, fluid-filled sacs that act as cushions between bones, tendons, and muscles around your joints. When a bursa becomes irritated or inflamed, it can cause pain and limit joint movement.

Common Causes of Bursitis

• Repetitive movements or overuse (e.g., frequent kneeling or lifting)
• Injury or trauma to the joint
• Prolonged pressure on a joint
• Underlying conditions like rheumatoid arthritis or gout

Typical Symptoms of Bursitis:

• Joint pain and tenderness
• Swelling or redness around the affected area
• Limited range of motion
• Warmth and stiffness, especially after periods of inactivity

What is Tendonitis?

Tendonitis refers to inflammation or irritation of a tendon, the thick fibrous cords that connect muscles to bones. Tendonitis usually results from repetitive strain or overuse, causing microscopic tears in the tendon tissue.

Common Causes of Tendonitis:

• Repetitive motions (common in sports or certain jobs)
• Sudden increase in activity level
• Poor posture or biomechanics
• Aging and tendon degeneration

Typical Symptoms of Tendonitis:

• Localized pain near the tendon, often worsening with movement
• Swelling and tenderness around the tendon
• A burning or aching sensation
• Reduced strength or flexibility in the affected area

Key Differences Between Bursitis and Tendonitis

1. Affected Tissue

Bursitis: Bursa (fluid-filled sacs)
Tendonitis: Tendons (connect muscles to bone)

2. Common Sites

Bursitis: Shoulder, hip, elbow, knee
Tendonitis: Shoulder, elbow, wrist, Achilles tendon

3. Pain Location

Bursitis: Around joint, sometimes radiating
Tendonitis: Directly over tendon

4. Onset

Bursitis: Can be sudden or gradual
Tendonitis: Usually gradual

5. Swelling

Bursitis: Often present
Tendonitis: May or may not be present

6. Cause

Bursitis: Inflammation from irritation or injury
Tendonitis: Tendon overuse or strain

How to Treat Bursitis and Tendonitis

Conservative Treatment for Both Conditions:

• Rest: Avoid activities that aggravate symptoms
• Ice Therapy: Apply ice packs for 15-20 minutes to reduce swelling and pain
• Compression: Use wraps or braces to support the joint and decrease inflammation
• Elevation: Elevate the affected limb when possible to reduce swelling
• NSAIDs: Over-the-counter anti-inflammatory medications can help manage pain and inflammation

Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation:

A physiotherapist or Registered Massage Therapist (RMT) can help with tailored treatment plans including:

• Stretching and strengthening exercises to improve flexibility and support muscles
• Manual therapy to reduce stiffness and improve joint mobility
• Education on proper ergonomics and movement techniques

When to See a Healthcare Professional:

If pain and swelling persist beyond a few days or worsen despite home treatment, seek medical advice. In some cases, bursitis or tendonitis may require:

• Corticosteroid injections to reduce severe inflammation
• Aspiration of fluid from a swollen bursa
• Surgery (rare and usually only for chronic or severe cases)

Preventing Bursitis and Tendonitis

• Warm up and stretch before physical activity
• Avoid repetitive strain by varying movements or taking breaks
• Maintain a healthy weight to reduce joint stress
• Strengthen surrounding muscles to support joint function

Conclusion

Bursitis and tendonitis are common but distinct conditions affecting joints and soft tissues. Knowing the differences between them and understanding effective treatment options can help you manage symptoms and prevent future flare-ups.

If you experience persistent joint pain, consulting a healthcare professional—such as a physiotherapist or RMT—can ensure you receive the right diagnosis and personalized care for a full recovery.